Adding device



1949. M. SIERADZKI 2,462,338

. ow BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME M. SHIMRAT ADDING DEVICE Filed Aug. 5, 1948 Patented Feb. 22, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ADDING DEVICE Mojzesz Sieradzki, Tel Aviv, Israel, now by judicial change of name Moshe Shimrat Application August 5, 1948, Serial No. 42,630

2 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to a new device for adding up figures. It is the object of this invention to provide a device which can be manufactured at low cost with simple means. A further object of the invention is to create a device which is operable in a most simple manner without any specific training.

The new device can find use with students, shopkeepers, accountants and the like.

The device consists in principle of a number of concentrically arranged superposed discs having equidistant holes along their periphery, one disc being provided for the units, one for the tens, one for the hundreds, the thousands and so on. These discs are turnable independently from each other around a common central pivot. Turning is performed by means of a stile or pin inserted in one of the holes of the discs.

It is obvious that ii a disc having consecutively numbered holes along its periphery is revolved beside a fixed mark, the number of holes for which it has been moved can be read off beside the fixedtmark, if at the beginning, the hole E1 was beside the fixed mark. If such a movement is repeated, the number of figures appearing beside the mark is the total of all holes for which the disc has been turned. It is clear that with a sufficiently large disc, bearing numbers of up to say 10,000, additions within this range can be accomplished in the simple manner described above. Of course, this would be impracticable for obvious reasons. Therefore I propose the use of a separate disc for the units, tens, hundreds and so on. I further provide means coordinating all these discs in such a manner that every addition the total of which lies beyond 9, 99 or 999 or as it may be, is carried on to a subsequent disc below.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a top view of the new device,

Fig. 2 is a top view of one disc,

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of an auxiliary disc,

Fig. 4 is a top view of an intermediary plate,

Fig. 5 is a fractional view in section on line V--V of Figure 1.

On a base plate A is erected a pivot B. On this pivot are turnably arranged a number of concentric discs CiC4 of increasing diameter in downward order. Disc Cd is thus the largest and lowermost one. Holes are punched at equal distances from each other into the peripheral margin of these discs. lhe holes are arranged in groups of ten holes, every ten holes being in staggered position against the subsequent ten holes. The total number of holes is an even multiple of ten and the same in all discs. Thus the holes are distant from pivot B for the length of a longer radius .r and a shorter one 1/, a: and y being different according to the size of the respective disc. Beneath each disc C (except disc C 5) is positioned equally turnable on pivot B an auxiliary disc D, there being altogether three such discs: D2, D2, D3. These discs are of the same diameter as their overlying disc C. Discs D are provided also with holes in their peripheral margin, each disc D having as many holes as its overlying disc C and being equidistant from each other. These holes are arranged in simple staggered order, at radii a: and y alternatively and not in staggered groups (see Fig 3). Between every disc C and its underlying auxiliary disc D there is arranged a fixed intermediate plate E (see Fig. 4) following the contours of plates D and C for a certain sector but protruding slightly therebeyond for the length of this sector. Within this sector there is provided 'a radial incision into plate E, uncovering the underlying hole of the respective disc D. There is further provided in all above mentioned discs and plates an annular concentric slot M of equal radius, interrupted only at two diametrically opposite points by two spoke-like webs. Finally, beside the holes already mentioned, all discs C and D have additional holes corresponding with and being in register with all holes of the smaller discs C and D which lie above them. Of a series of successive ten of such additional holes in the discs C nine are covered on the underside so as to present a depression on the upper side into which the stile or pin can enter, preventing a further penetration of the stile into underlying discs. Only those holes which are at the last but one place before they disappear under a cover plate of the device (as will be described) are throughgoing.

The whole assembly of discs and plates is covered by a cover plate F, having several cutouts: a sector l ke cut-out G uncovering the rfargins of all d scs for a length of ten holes,

a window H extending radially across the margins of these discs and uncovering one hole in each disc. Finally there is a semicircular slot in plate F register ng with the annular slots M.

At the circular edges of sector G there are marked the numbers 0-9 at distances from each other corresponding with the distances of the holes in the discs. The radial edge GI of sector G serves as an abutment for the turning movement of the discs as will be described, in connection with the function of the device. It is this abutment of the cover to which reference is made above in connection with the additional holes in the discs C. Only those holes which are at the last but one place near the abutment GI when the respective disc C shows a 9 in window H are throughgoing.

The discs C themselves are marked consecutively with the figures -9, placed inside the circle of holes and equidistant from each other. These figures are covered by the protruding edge of the overlying plate E. The figures 0-9 appear repeatedly in this order, as many times as there are holes. The arrangement of the figures is such that with all slots M in full register and all webs in register, a 0 will appear in window H on each disc.

For the reason of simplicity the device shown and described has not more than four discs, allowing for the adding up of figures up to 9999 only. Such a device, in practice may have as many discs as desired.

The operation of the device will be understood from the following example: For adding the numbers 387 and 294, a stile, pin or a pencil or similar instrument is inserted into the hole r in disc CI opposite the number 7 marked on the cover plate, near the inner edge of cut-out G. Disc CI is then turned anticlockwise in the direction of the arrow until the pencil abuts against the lower radial edge GI of cut-out G. In the window H the figure 7 will now appear. It will be noted that the pencil can not penetrate into the holes of the lower discs, the passage being obstructed by the intermediate plate El. Now the pencil is inserted into the hole 8 of the disc C2 which is opposite the figure 8 on the cover. The disc is turned as described above, whereupon figure 8 appears in the window H in the ten position, beside the figure 7. Finally the hole t in disc G3, which is opposite the figure 3 on the cover plate is brought down, a 3 appearing in window H in the hundred position. Thereby the first figure 387 is brought into view in window H. Now the operation is continued by inserting the pencil into the hole of disc CI opposite figure 4 on the cover plate. The distance of this hole from the centre is y, While the distance of hole 1' was :c, the holes belonging to different groups, whichas stated above-are arranged in staggered relation to each other. In the last but one hole before the pencil strikes the edge GI of cut out G, it penetrates into a hole of the underlying disc DI through the radial cutout in plate E. This is only possible because the last mentioned hole of disc CI, being on the shorter radius y registers with a similarly placed hole in disc DI. This was not the case when disc CI was first turned showing the figure 7, the respective hole having been, as has been stated, on the larger radius 1:. Thus the way is free now for the pencil to penetrate further into a hole of disc C2, but this hole is covered on its underside and therefore no deeper penetration can occur. By this penetration and continued turning disc C2 is taken :along (together with disc DI) for the distance of one hole. Having thus turned also disc DI, a hole on the larger radius 9: lies now below the radial incision in plate E and will register only with holes in disc CI which lie in the next following section of holes, on the larger radius x. Thus in window H, instead of 387,

the figure 391 will appear being the sum of 387 plus 4. Now the pencil is inserted into the hole in disc G2 which is opposite figure 9 on the cover and the disc is turned, as described. Hereby, at the last but one hole before the edge of cut-out G, the pencil penetrates through disc D2 into a registering hole in C3 and takes it along in the same manner as described above. In consequence 481 appears in the window H. The operation is concluded by inserting the pencil into the hole in disc C3 opposite figure 2 on the cover and turning the disc whereby figure 681 appears in window H, :as the final result of the addition.

In the following, second, example another feature of the invention will be shown. For adding the number 97 and 5, discs CI and C2 are first turned as described above until 97 appears in window H. For adding 5 thereto, the pencil is inserted into the hole of disc 01 opposite the number 5 marked on the cover and turning started, as usual. When reaching the last but one hole before the abutment, the pencil will penetrate, as already described, through DI into a hole in C2. As this hole is the one of additional holes whose underside is not covered, the pencil will penetrate further through the next lower disc D2 into D3 and take this disc along too. So, three discs C will turn simultaneously for the distance of one hole and instead of 097 the number 102 will appear in window H, giving the result of the addition.

Further additions may. be performed if required, or the device may be readjusted to zero by inserting the point of the pencil into slot M at its right or left end and turning all discs until 0000 will appear in window H. The adding up can be done also by starting with the hundreds without altering the result.

I claim:

1. In an adding device a number of concentrical superposed discs of increasing diameter, the smallest being uppermost, turnable independently from each other on a common pivot, holes in each disc along its periphery arranged at equal distances from each other in an even number of groups of ten holes, consecutive groups being in staggered order with each other at a smaller distance from the pivot and at a larger one, further holes in the discs below the uppermost one registering with the holes in the discs above, auxiliary discs between every two discs with holes, such auxiliary discs having holes around their periphery in staggered position with each other and corresponding in distance from the pivot with the distances of the holes of the groups of the superlying disc, auxiliary plates being interposed between each disc with holes and the auxiliary disc below, such auxiliary plates barring the passage from a hole in an upper disc to the registering hole in a lower disc but freeing this passage along a certain radial sector, the whole set being mounted on a base and covered by a plate exposing to view a sector of the discs corresponding to ten holes, and having a window exposing the result of the addition.

2. In the adding device referred to in claim 1, a circular slot in the cover plate and circular, registering slots in all discs, permitting for a readjustment of the device to Zero position.

MOJZESZ SIERADZKI.

No references cited. 

